Category: DNS Propagation

DNS round robin is a commonly used load balancing technique that distributes client requests across multiple servers by rotating the IP addresses associated with a single domain name. This method is simple to implement, does not require any additional hardware or software beyond a properly configured DNS server, and is widely supported. When a user…

DNS prefetching is a performance optimization technique used primarily by web browsers and other client-side applications to resolve domain names before a user actually attempts to navigate to them. By anticipating the need for a DNS resolution based on the presence of hyperlinks, embedded resources, or other predictive patterns, prefetching can reduce perceived latency by…

DNS propagation is an essential but inherently delayed process within the internet’s domain name resolution system. When DNS records are updated—such as a change in name servers or an alteration of A, MX, or CNAME records—those changes are not instantly recognized across the internet. Instead, they must propagate through a vast network of recursive resolvers…

DNS over HTTPS, commonly referred to as DoH, is a protocol designed to enhance user privacy and security by encrypting DNS queries and transmitting them over the HTTPS protocol. Traditionally, DNS queries are sent in plaintext over UDP or TCP, which means that any intermediary—such as an ISP, public Wi-Fi operator, or malicious actor on…

DNS anycast is a sophisticated network routing technique that allows multiple servers located in different geographical regions to share the same IP address. Unlike traditional unicast, where a single IP address corresponds to a single server at a specific location, anycast enables multiple instances of a DNS server to respond to the same IP address.…

DNS propagation is a natural part of the domain name system, occurring every time a DNS record is updated. Whether a domain’s A record is pointed to a new IP address, an MX record is changed for email delivery, or a CNAME is altered to redirect services, these updates must propagate through the global network…

DNS propagation is a critical part of how the internet functions, and it is largely driven by the way DNS records are cached and refreshed across countless recursive resolvers around the globe. When a DNS record is changed—whether it’s an A record pointing a domain to a new IP, an MX record directing email traffic…

GeoDNS is a powerful and increasingly popular DNS routing technique that tailors responses to DNS queries based on the geographic location of the resolver or client making the request. Instead of returning the same IP address for a domain regardless of where the request originates, GeoDNS dynamically responds with region-specific IP addresses, allowing users to…

DNSSEC, or Domain Name System Security Extensions, adds a critical layer of security to the DNS by enabling authentication of DNS responses through cryptographic signatures. This ensures that the information received in response to a DNS query has not been tampered with and is genuinely from the authoritative source. Central to the operation of DNSSEC…

Migrating DNS records from one provider to another is a routine yet delicate operation, and when email services are involved, the stakes become significantly higher. Email systems rely on multiple DNS records—particularly MX (Mail Exchange), SPF (Sender Policy Framework), DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail), and DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting and Conformance)—to function correctly. Any mistake…