Category: DNS Protocols

The Domain Name System (DNS) is an indispensable part of the modern internet, seamlessly translating user-friendly domain names into machine-readable IP addresses. Its present form as a hierarchical and distributed naming system is the result of decades of evolution, beginning from the earliest days of networked computing. Understanding this transformation from static host files to…

DNS-based load balancing is a critical technique used to ensure the efficient distribution of network traffic across multiple servers, improving performance, reliability, and scalability for web applications and services. By leveraging the inherent capabilities of the Domain Name System, this approach provides a lightweight, flexible, and globally distributed mechanism for balancing loads without requiring specialized…

The Domain Name System (DNS) plays a pivotal role in the operation of email delivery systems, acting as the foundation for routing, verification, and security mechanisms that ensure reliable and efficient communication. From the use of MX (Mail Exchange) records to direct email traffic to the correct mail servers, to the implementation of protocols designed…

In today’s interconnected world, businesses rely heavily on their online presence to operate efficiently, serve customers, and maintain competitive advantages. Downtime or service interruptions can result in significant financial losses, reputational damage, and customer dissatisfaction. To mitigate these risks, DNS failover strategies play a critical role in ensuring business continuity by maintaining the availability of…

Configuring a custom DNS resolver on a Linux system is an essential task for enhancing network performance, privacy, and control over DNS queries. A DNS resolver is the component that translates human-readable domain names into machine-readable IP addresses. While most Linux distributions come pre-configured to use the DNS servers provided by the internet service provider,…

DNS is a critical component of the internet, enabling the translation of human-readable domain names into machine-readable IP addresses. However, its original design did not account for the sophisticated security threats of the modern era, leaving it vulnerable to various attacks, including cache poisoning and spoofing. These attacks exploit weaknesses in the DNS protocol to…

The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has transformed industries and homes alike, enabling seamless automation, data collection, and connectivity across a vast array of applications. From smart thermostats and security cameras to industrial sensors and medical devices, IoT systems rely heavily on network communication to function. Central to this communication is the Domain…

The Domain Name System (DNS) is a cornerstone of the internet, providing the essential functionality of translating human-readable domain names into machine-readable IP addresses. However, its foundational role and widespread adoption have made it a frequent target for cyberattacks since its inception. The history of DNS attacks reveals a pattern of evolving threats, from basic…

Delegating subdomains using NS records is a fundamental aspect of managing Domain Name System (DNS) configurations, allowing domain owners to distribute the responsibility of subdomain resolution to different DNS servers. This process is crucial for large organizations, multi-tenant systems, or scenarios where subdomains require separate DNS management or infrastructure. When implemented correctly, subdomain delegation ensures…

Secondary DNS servers are an integral component of a robust and resilient Domain Name System (DNS) infrastructure, providing redundancy, load balancing, and enhanced performance for domain name resolution. Understanding when, why, and how to use secondary DNS servers is critical for ensuring the availability, scalability, and reliability of internet-facing services. These servers, also known as…