Ensuring email continuity is a critical responsibility for IT administrators, and one of the most effective ways to enhance the resilience of an email system is through carefully managed DNS failover strategies. Because email delivery is inherently dependent on DNS for the discovery and routing of mail servers via MX records, any disruption in DNS…

Email reputation is a critical factor that determines whether messages sent from a domain are successfully delivered to recipients or end up filtered into spam folders or blocked outright. It represents the level of trust that receiving mail servers have in a sending domain, IP address, or entire infrastructure. This reputation is calculated based on…

Email spoofing is a deceptive tactic in which attackers forge the sender address of an email to make it appear as if it originates from a trusted source. This technique is widely used in phishing campaigns, business email compromise, and social engineering attacks because it exploits a fundamental weakness in the way email was originally…

Email blacklists, also known as DNS-based blackhole lists (DNSBLs) or real-time blackhole lists (RBLs), are critical tools used in the fight against spam, phishing, and other forms of email abuse. These lists track IP addresses and domains that have been observed sending large volumes of unsolicited or malicious email. The relationship between email blacklists and…

DNS misconfigurations are one of the leading technical causes behind domain suspension, particularly when they result in service disruptions, violate registry policies, or trigger abuse prevention mechanisms. The Domain Name System, serving as the foundation of how resources like websites, email servers, and other internet services are located and connected, depends on precise configurations. When…

Email remains one of the most widely used communication tools in the world, yet it also continues to be a prime vector for cyberattacks. From phishing and spoofing to man-in-the-middle attacks, adversaries frequently exploit the foundational technologies that make email possible. One such foundation is the Domain Name System (DNS), which converts human-readable domain names…

Email relay servers are a foundational component of how email is transmitted across the internet, acting as intermediaries that receive, forward, and deliver email messages between servers. In both enterprise and consumer environments, they play a crucial role in ensuring that messages sent from one domain can reach recipients at another, traversing complex networks of…

In the world of email communication, two protocols dominate when it comes to retrieving messages from a mail server: POP3 and IMAP. Both have been around for decades and are still widely supported by email clients and servers alike. Despite their shared purpose, they function in fundamentally different ways, and choosing the right one can…

Changing MX records is a fundamental operation in the management of email infrastructure, but it is also one of the most sensitive actions a domain administrator can take. The MX (Mail Exchange) records determine which mail servers are authorized to receive email on behalf of a domain. As such, any changes to these records directly…

Email delivery problems can be some of the most frustrating and disruptive issues faced by businesses and individuals alike. Often, these problems stem from misconfigured or malfunctioning MX records, which are DNS entries that tell the internet where to deliver email for a particular domain. Troubleshooting MX record issues requires a methodical, step-by-step approach to…